Fever in Ayurveda – Symptoms & Treatment (Jwara)

Introduction of Fever and Jwara (Jvara)

Fever in Ayurveda is described as Jwara. You may search a lots of information on fever, types of fever, sign and symptoms of fever, treatment of fever and many more related information on fever. In this article, we tried to present what Ayurveda has explained about fever by the name of Jwara. Jwara is a independent disease, also it is an important symptom in many diseases & it is found as a complication of many diseases. Almost all human being have experienced this disease in one or other way.

Jwara affects both Shareera (body) as well as Manas (mind/ psyche). The different synonyms are given to Jwara which are mentioned in this article. In Ayurveda, Jwara is superior among all diseases and hence given much importance in its detailed explaination in Ayurvedic texts.

Jwara is called as  Kshaya because it destroys body as well as Dhatu. Jwara is also called as Tama because it produces moha which is the function of tama. Jwara is also called as Yamatmaka  because it kills the person like that of Yamaraja.

As per mythology explained in Ayurveda, Jwara is originated due to the Rudrakopa (anger of Lord Shiva) for the first time and second time by the production of lobha-parigraha.

Burning sensation of body and mind, tastelessness, thirst, bodyache, hridvyatha (uneasiness of heart) are considered as the prabhava of Jwara. At the time of janma (birth) as well as mrityu (death) Jwara is commonly seen.

Note- Do not try any of the formulations mentioned in this article without consultation with Ayurveda doctor.

Origin of Jwara according to Indian mythology

• In yajna performed by Daksha Prajapati, Lord Shiva was insulted. By this insult, anger in the form of a demon evolved. Lord Shiva ordered demon to destroy the yajna. After destroying yajna the demon asked Lord Shiva what shall I do now ? Then Lord Shiva told him to ail the human beings in the form of fever, whenever their previous sinful actions will mature. So Rudrakopa is one of the main viprakrishta nidana (cause) for Jwara.
• According to Acharya Charaka, Jwara is one of the synonyms of Roga.
• An increase of body temperature is also denoted by the word Jwara.
• According to Charaka, Jwara produces santapa (increase in temperature/ temperament), sandeha (suspicion) in hridaya (heart) & manas (mind).
• According to Sushruta, Jwara is that disease in which manifestation of obstruction of sweda (sweat), santapa (temperature rise) & angamarda (body ache) are seen simultaneously.
• It is the king of all the other diseases.
• It is also believed that occurrence of Jwara is also seen in animals, birds, plants, mountain, earth etc.

Synonyms of Jwara- 

• Jwara- A disease which alleviates body temperature.
• Rogapati- Superior among all diseases.
• Rogaraja- King of various diseases.
• Paapma- Disease caused by previous sins.
• Mrityu- Disease which may end in death.
• Antaka- Disease which may end in death.
• Ojakshaya- Disease which destroys ojas.
• Krodha- Fever is caused by krodha (anger) & associated with krodha.

Nidana (general causes) of Jwara- 

According to Vagbhatta-

• Sannikrishta nidana- Vatadi dosha
• Viprakrishta nidana- Mithyaahara

According to Sri Gananatha Sena mithya ahara vihara & dhatu vaishamya are the causative factors of Jwara.

Samprapti (pathogenesis) of Fever in Ayurveda (Jwara)- 

For the manifestation of any disease mithya aahar & vihara are the main causative factors. The generation of ama is root cause of Jwara.

Due to hypo-functioning of ushma or kayagni (digestive fire), food which is not properly digested results in formation of immature rasa (poorly digested chyle) in amashaya (stomach) and this rasa is spoken as ama. Ama is unable to nourish the dhatu. Then the causative factors of Jwara will increase Vata, Pitta & Kapha in the body. These increased doshas reach the Aamashya, they combine with ama along with rasa dhatu & circulates all over the body by the kaphagni will also mixed with this rasa dhatu and circulates all over the body along with  increased doshas & produces the fever. Because of the properties of Ama such as snigdha, pichchhila it will obstruct the swedavaha strotas. The absence of sweating (swedavarodha) also increases the body temperature (ushmata).

Samprapti Ghataka-

• Udbhava sthana- Amashaya
• Dosha- Pitta PradhanTridoshaj
• Dushya- Rasa, Rakta
• Shrotas- Swedavaha shrotas, rasavaha shrotas
• Shroto dushti prakar- Samya
• Vyakta sthan- Sarvanga (All over the body)
• Ama- Jataragni janya ama
• Roga marga- Bahiroga marga

Samanya Purvarupa (general prodromal sign) of Jwara- 

• Shrama- Exhaustion without any reason
• Arati- Restlessness, not interested in anything
• Vivarnatva- Discolouration of body
• Asya vairasya- Difficult to diffrentiate the taste
• Nayan plava- Watering of eyes
• Ichcha dwesha, Sheeta vata tapa dishu- Alternating desire & aversion for cold & hot environment
• Jrimbha- yawning
• Angamarda- Bodyache
• Guruta- Heaviness of the body
• Romaharsha- Horripilation
• Aruchi- Tastelessness
• Tama- Darkness in front of the eyes
• Apraharsha- There is no interest to take any kind of food & feeling of chills.

Vishishta purvarupa (specific prodromal sign) lakshana of Jwara-

• In case of Vata dominance- yawning excessively.
• In case of Pitta dominance- Burning sensation in eyes.
• In case of Kapha dominance- aversion to take food.

Roopa (sign and symptoms) of Jwara- 

Absence of sweating, raise in body temperature and body pain are symptoms of jwara.

Pratyatma Lakshana of Jwara (only found in jwara)-

Burning sensation over body & mind are cardinal symptoms of jwara.

Types of Jwara- 

1. Nija Jwara- 7 sub types- Vataj, Pittaj, Kaphaj, Vaat Pittaj, Pitta Kaphaj, Kapha Vataj and Tridoshaj (Sannipata Jwara).
2. Agantuja Jwara- 4 sub types- Abhighataj, Abhicharaj, Abhishapaj and Abhishangaj.

Abhishangaj Jwara is further devided in to 7 sub types- Vishajanya, Oshadigandhaja, Kamaja, Shokaja, Bhayaja, Krodhaja and Bhutaj.

Jwara is also classified on the basis of following-

• Veganusar- 4 types- Antarvega, Bahirvega and Avisargi, Visargi.
• Dushyanusar- 7 types- Rasaj, Raktaj, Mansaj, Medaj, Asthij, Majjajanya, Shukraj.
• Types of Visham Jwara- Santata, Satataka, Tritiyaka, Chaturthaka, Anyedushka.
• Based on Ama- Sama Jwara, Pachyamana Jwara, Nirama Jwara.
• Based on Adhisthana- Sharir, Manas
• Based on Kala- Prakrita, Vaikrita

Sannipata Jwara is further classified in to 13 types based on dominance of Dosha-

1. Vatolbana
2. Pittolbana
3. Kapholbana
4. Vatapittolbana
5. Vatakapholbana
6. Pitta kapholbana
7. Heenavata- Pitta Madhya- shleshmadhika
8. Heenavata- Madhyakapha- Pittadhika
9. Heenapitta- Madhyakapha- Vatadhika
10. Heenapitta-Vatamadhya- Kaphadhika
11. Heenakapha-Pittamadhya-Vatadhika
12. Heenakapha –Vatamadhya-pittadhika
13. Sarvadosholbana

Lakshana of different types of jwara-

• Vataja jwara- Rigors, fever is irregular with sudden rise & fall in temperature, dryness of throat & lips, loss of sleep, suppression of kshawathu (spit), dryness of the body, headache, chest pain,  body ache, loss of taste, constipation, pain in abdomen, adhmana, yawning.
• Pittaja jwara- Intensity of fever is high, diarrhoea, sleeplessness, vomiting, ulceration over throat, lips, mouth & nose, their will be sweating, irrelevant speech, feeling of katu rasa, giddiness, burning sensation, yellowish discoloration of stool, urine & eyes.
• Kaphaja jwara- Feeling as if body is covered with wet cloth, mild temperature, laziness, sweetish taste in mouth, whitish color of urine, stool, stiffness of joints, aversion for food, heaviness of body, feeling of coldness & utklesha of kapha i.e. hrillasa & excessive salivation, horripilation, excessive sleep, running nose, tastelessness, cough, whitish coloration of eyes.
• Vata pitta jwara- Thirst, fainting, delusion, burning sensation, loss of sleep, headache, dryness of throat & mouth, vomiting, horripilation, tastelessness, pain in smaller joints, yawning.
• Vata shleshma jwara- As if body is covered with wet cloth, pain in smaller joints, excessive sleep, heaviness of head, headache, running nose, cough. In Vata kaphaja jwara there is sweating because of vikriti vishama samavaya. 
• Kaphapittaja jwara- Coating over tongue & feeling of tikta rasa in the mouth, tandra, moha, murchha, aruchi, kasa, trishna, feeling of cold & hot alternatively.
• Sannipata Jvara lakshana- Alternate feeling of hot & cold due to involvement of three dosha, pain in the joints, bone & in head, redness of the eyes or sunken eyes with watery discharge, tinnitus, earache, feeling of some foreign body present in the throat, tandra , trishna, moha, murchha, pralapa, kasa, shwasa, aruchi, shrama, paridagdha, the tongue will be very rough just like gojihva (tongue of cow), spitting of rakta or pitta along with kapha, the rolling of head, thirst, nidranasha, chest pain, delayed & reduced quantity of excretion of sweda, mutra, purisha. There will be no much emaciation of the body, there will be frequent sounds, urticaria and blackish red colored rashes, loss of speech, inflammation of the nose and ear etc.
• Ama jwara- Indigested rasa due to the durbalata of jatharagni (diminished digestive fire) and the rasa which is doshayukta, situated in amashaya is called as ama. This dushita rasa spreads all over the body & causes ama jwara. The symptoms are mixed as in Pitta kaphaj jwara. In the aspect of treatment we should see the condition of ama and deepana pachana principle of treatment is opted. Because in this treatment the administration of medicines are avoided. If the shodhana or shamana aushadhis are administered it converts ama jwara to Vishama jwara.
• Pacchyamana jwara- The vega of jwara will be teevra, excessive thirst, pralapa, shwasa, bhrama (giddiness), etc. are the lakshanas of pacchyamana jwara.
• Nirama jwara- Hunger, emaciation, laghuta, mala mutra pravritti. In 8 days jwara comes to normal.
• Shareera jwara- Trishna, Santapa, angamarda, manasika glani.
• Manasa jwara- Chanchalata, glani of mind & Santapa is called as manasa jwara.
• Avisargi jwara- Jwara remains in the body till its wish & it never produces any disturbance in body temperature is called as avisargi jwara. It is of 2 types.- Samvegi and Vishamvegi.
• Samavegi jwara: It is also called as continuous fever. In this the body temperature is raised in day as well as night time.
• Vishamavegi jwara: It is also called as remittent fever. In this, within 24 hours there will be variation of 2°c temperature, but the temperature never comes to normal.
• Visargi jwara- In this type, jwara means fever get down in one ahoratra (24 hours/ 1 day and night), once the temperature comes to normal then again rise in temp is seen. It is called as Visargi jwara. It is of 2 Types- Muktanubandhi and Punaravartaka jwara.
• Muktanubandhi jwara- It is also called as Intermittent fever. In this type, the temperature comes to normal once or several time.
• Punaravartaka jwara- Before the cure of fever or before the ascertainment of prakrita bala, if one does the vyayama, snana or traveling, then the re-occurrence of fever is seen. This is called as punaravartaka jwara. This fever will remain for longer time, gives peedana for longer time. In case of durbala and Ojas ksheena person this jwara may leads to death.
• Agantuja jwara- The term agantuj means external. The jwara caused by external factors is called as agantuja jwara. In this, jwara occurs first & vitiation of the dosha occurs later. There are 4 types of agantuja jwara- Abhighataja, Abhishangaja, Abhishapaja and Abhicharaj.
• Abhigataja jwara- In this type, fever is caused by abhighata means injuries like chhedana (cut) and daha (burns). These causes vitiation of Rakta by Vata dosha and gives rise to jwara, shoola, shotha and discolorations of tvacha (skin) at the site of the injury.
• Abhishangaja jwara- Fever caused by germs, virus and influence of ghost (Pishacha badha). Grahabadha - fever due to the influence of dushtagrahas. Fever raised due to contact of visha is called as vishajanya jwara. Jwara also occurs due to psychological factors like krodha (anger), shoka and bhaya (fear) comes under this type.
• Abhishapaja jwara- The fever caused by the curse of gurus, saint & elders is called abhishapaja jvara. Here the fever effects first the mind & later to the body.
• Abhicharaja jwara- Fever which is caused by the mantra tantra comes under abhicharaja type. Here the mantra tantra are used to produce the fever in enemies. First it causes fever to the manas/ psyche & later it affects the body and produces symptoms like visphota (boils), trishna (thirst), daha (burning sensation), murchha and there will be regular increase of temperature.
• Vishama jvara- The word vishama means irregular. In case of fever the word vishama applies for its irregular onset, irregular site of manifestation, irregular nature and irregular periodicity or interval. Vishama arambha means the fever will start from the different parts of the body i.e. some times it may starts from Murdha ( head), sometimes it may starts from prishtha (back). The irregular nature means vishama kriya means sometimes there will be high temperature or sometimes severe chills (rigors), irregular periodicity means Vishama kala means the fever may appear in the morning or in the noon or in afternoon or in the night means this fever persists for long period.

Samprapti of Vishama Jwara- In the initial stage there will be alpa dosha (less dosha) or soon after the recovery from the fever, if a person indulges in unwholesome food or activity, again the dosha will aggravate further and get lodged in Dhatu and produce the vishama jwara. The aggravated Vata dosha due to its irregular nature produces Vishama jwar.

The salient features of Vishama jwara- 

• Fever settles for a few hours or 2-3 days & reappears again.
• The patient suffers from chill and in another time experiences the sensation of heat in the body.
• The fever rises suddenly & fall down suddenly.
• The fever doesn't appear or reoccurs at fixed time.
• Fever is sometimes mild and sometimes very high.

Classification of vishama jwara- 

1. Santata jwara- rasa dhatu is involved.
2. Satataka jwara- rakta dhatu is involed.
3. Anyedyushka- mamsa dhatu is involved.
4. Tritiyaka- meda dhatu is involved.
5. Chaturthaka- asthi and majja dhatu are involved.

• Santata jwara- The fever in which there will be continuous rise of temperature for the period of 7 or 10 or 12 days is known as Santata jwara (ref: Madhava Nidan- 2/34). In this type, there will be vitiation of all other dhatu, mutra, purisha and vata simultaneously. Because of the vitiation of all 3 dosha, features of sannipataja jwara like moha, pralapa etc. are observed. As in Santata jwara, there will be more vitiation of rasa dhatu, hence the vitiated doshas will spread throughout the body through rasa vaha shrotas. So the features like stabdhata (stiffness) and santapa (high grade fever) are present all over the body. It is extremely very difficult to tolerate this type of fever.
• Satataka jwara- In this, the fever appears twice a day. Satataka Jwara is Krichchha sadhya (difficult to cure, but curable). The vitiated dosha are present in amashaya and the fever rises once in day time & once in night. The increase in temperature is observed during dosha prakopa kala.
• Anyedyushka- The fever which appears once in 24 hours is called as Anyedyushka jwara. The increase or decrease of temperature appears once in day and night. But there is no particular time. The site of this jwara is hridaya (heart). The doshas present in hridaya usually take 24 hrs to reach amashya. So the fever will appear on next day.
• Tritiyaka jwara- The fever appears once in three days or on alternate days. First day the fever will be present, no fever on next day and than fever reoccur on third day.
• Chaturthaka jwara- Fever appears once in every fourth day. If there is vitiation of kaphadosha  it effects jangapradesha (thighs, calf). If there is vitiation vata dosha it affects head.

What is Jeerna jwara- Jeerna jwara is a term given for chronic fever. This can be explained as below-

• It remains for 27 days.
• Remains for 3 week continuously in mild degree.
• Spleenomegaly (enlargement of spleen) is found.
• Jatharagni dourbalya (loss of appetite) is seen.

Jwara upadrava (complications)- Cough, Giddiness, Tastelessness, Thirst, Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Constipation, Hiccup,Difficulty in breathing, Angabheda (unbearable body ache)

Sadhya jwara Lakshana (sign)- The sadhya jwara should have the following features-

• The patient have some strength.
• There will be alpadosha involvement.
• Should not have any complication( upadrava).

Lakshana of Asadhya jwara- 

• Which is having many symptoms.
• Which is having many causative factors.
• In which the debility of sense organs are seen.
• Which remains for long time
• In which antardaha (internal burning of body), thirst, hikka (hiccup), shwasa, obstructions of mala and apanvayu are seen.
• In which the loss of complexion, Nishkriya of Indriya, ksheenata and aruchi are seen.

If all the above symptoms are seen in a fever then that fever is incurable (asadhya).

Arishta lakshanas (early death sign) of jwara- 

In Ayurveda, there is a description of Arishta lakshana of various disease which we can say as early death sign in common word. Likewise, following Arishta lakshanas are described for Jwara-

• If the patient is dreaming like he is drinking madira (a type of alcoholic beverage) along with preta (devil/ demon) or moving towards dakshina direction then that patient will die soon because of fever.
• The person along with fever, if suffers from shushka kasa & jwara before 12 o'clock in day time then he will die very soon.
• The person who suffers from fever after 12 o'clock in day time and he is balamamsa hina (emaciated) then he will die very soon.
• Who is having teevra jwar (acute high grade fever), trishna (thirst), murchha (fainting) and shithilata of sandhi (weakness in joints) then he will die soon.

Purvarupa (prodromal sign) of jwaramoksha / daruna moksha (recovery)- 

When there is relief of jwara then the body of the person experiences following signs-

• Burning sensation
• Sweating
• Giddiness
• Thirst
• Tremors
• Diarrhoea
• The loss of sense and perception
• Kujana (sound)
• The bad odor from the mouth.

Types of Jwaramoksha- It may occurs in 3 types

1. Daruna moksha (By crisis)
2. Adaruna moksha (By Lysis)
3. Vishama gati moksha

Jwaramukta Lakshana (After Signs of fever)- 

1. Sweating
2. Lightness of body
3. Itching over head
4. Mukha paka (stomatitis)
5. Sneezing

Chikitsa Sutra (Line of Treatment) of Fever in Ayurveda (Jwara) - 

• During nava jwara, one should avoid sleep during day time, bath, massage, heavy food, anger, exposure to wind and exercise.
• Langhana or fasting- In the first stage of jwara, langhana or fasting is prescribed. It is however, not indicated in the jwaras caused by consumption of agents whch vitiate vata like Vata vardhaka aahara, fear, anger, grief and physical exertion.
• Intake of Shadanga paniya- For the alleviation of thirst and jwara, the patient should be given water boiled with Musta, Parpataka, Ushira, Chandana, Udeecchya & Nagar. After boiling, the water should be made lukewarm every time before administration.
• Administration of Vamaka Dravya (emetics)- If the jwara is dominated by kapha and if this kapha located in the amasaya, then kapha should be removed by administered of emetics (Vamaka dravya). The state of kapha should be carefully ascertained before the administration.
• Use of Yavagu- After the patient has been administered emetic therapy and after he is kept on fasting he should be given yavagu (gruel) processed with some herbs).
• Use of kashaya- The patient should be administered decoctions of herbs (single or in combination) which are either pachana or shamana.
• Langhana Karma (Light diet intake)- For the alleviation of jwara, up to the 10^th day, the patient should be given to eat light diet along with Yusha (soup) prepared of vegetables, pulses, or Jangala Mamsa-Rasa (soup of meat of animals dwelling in the forests). These yushas and rasas may or may not be added with sour things.
• Intake of ghee- The ghee should be given to the patient suffering from jwara when there is dominance of Vata and Pitta. Ghee and Mamsa rasa should not be administered to the patient even after the 10^th day, if Kapha predominates and if the signs and symptoms of well accomplished Langhana karma have not appeared.
• Intake of milk- When there is excess burning sensation and thirst; when the patient is suffering from jwara predominated by Vata and Pitta; when the doshas are either Baddha (obstructed) or prachyuta (loose) or when there is nirama stage of the doshas, intake of milk (processed with herbs or unprocessed) may be given.
• Administration of purgation- When the fever doesn’t subside by the therapies described earlier then for its alleviation Virechana karma (purgation therapy) should be provided to the patient who is not emaciated, weak, depleted of muscle tissue and devoid of digestive power.
• Administration of Anuvasana Vasti (Therapeutic oil based enema)- In chronic fever Anuvasana Vasti should be given in the conditions- when Vata and pitta are alleviated, when there is strong power of digestion and when there is an unctuousness and adhesion in the feces.
• Administration of Nasyam (Nasal administreation of medicine)- In chronic fever, it should be administered in conditions when there is heaviness and pain with head, and when there is inactivity of the sense organs as a result of which senses are not able to perceive their objects.
• Administration of external therapies- In chronic fever the physician may advise Abhyangam, pradeha, parisheka and avagahana.
• Use of Yusha- For some patients suffereing from jvara yusha is wholesome. For the preparation of this yusha, mudga, masur, chanak, kulatta & makushta etc are used.
• Vegetables- The leaves and fruits of patola, patha, karkotaka and rakta punarnava are useful in jwara if taken as vegetable/ curry.
• Meat soup- The soup prepared of lava (a bird), kapinjala (a bird), yena, chakora, kuranga, harina (deer) and shashaka (rabbit) are alleviate jwara.
• The decoction of parpataka, kiratatikta, musta, guduchi and visha bheshaja are taken oraly in jwara.
• The decoction of patha, ushira along with udeecchya is also recommended in jwara.

Herbs Useful in fever (Jwara)- 

• Agasti (Agastya)- The juice of the leaves dropped in to nostrils alleviates chaturthaka jwara (Bhavaprakasha chikitsa- 1/ 771).
• Ahiphena- In a combination of other herbs in Yavaanyaadi kwatha is useful in jwara associated with kasa (fever with cough) (Bhavaprakash Chikitsa 1/ 383).
• Amalaki- The juice of amalaka fruits fried with ghee alleviates fever ( C.S. Ci. 3/ 230)
• Aaragwadha-  Aragwadha with milk or grape juice is recommended in jwara (Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana- 3/232).
• Shunthi- One afflicted with fever associated with diarrhoea should take liquid gruel of parched paddy added with Shunthi and honey. ( Ashtangahridayam Chikitsa sthana- 1/27).
• Upakunchika (prithvika, kalajaji)- Kalajaji taken with jaggery controls irregular fever (Bhavaprakash chikitsa sthana- 1/753).
• Upodika- In fever with burning sensation, the leaves of upodika pounded with sour juice or vinegar are applied extrenaly as paste. (Sushruta Samhita Uttara Tantra- 39/284)
• Ushira- Ushira forms an ingredient of the shadanga paniya commonly used in fever associated with thirst. (Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana- 3/145).
• Katuka- Fine powdered katuka mixed with sugar alleviates fever caused by pitta. (Ashthanga Samgraha Chikitsa Sthana- 1/76).
• Kiratatikta- The intake of paste of kiratatikta root mixed with cow’s ghee destroys fever in Filaria (Bhavaprakasha Shlipada chikitsa- 10).
• Kasamarda- Pittaja jvara:  The cold decoction of kashmarya mixed with sugar pacifies excessive thirst & burning sensation ( S.S.U. 39/ 79-80).
• Kulattha- To  check excessive perspiration, powder of parched Kulattha is rubbed in the body.
• Guduchi- Decoction of Guduchi should be taken in all types of fever. (Sushruta, Chikitsa- 39/ 170).
• Guduchi juice alone checks fever caused by Vata (Ashtanga Samgraha Chikitsa- 1/70).
• Guduchi- In case of fever with vomiting, cold decoction of Guduchi mixed with honey taken. (Bhavaprakasha, Chikitsa- 1/857).
• Jiraka- Jiraka (cumin seed) combined with jaggery alleviates irregular fever. It also improves digestion and destroys diseases caused by Vata.
• Jeevanti- It is used in fever with Burning sensation. Decoction of Jeevanti root mixed with ghee removes burning sensation and fever.
• Dadima (Pomegranate)- In severe fever caused by pitta one should take parched grain flour mixed with fruit juice of dadima.
• Devadaru-  Decoction of devadaru is useful in fever ( Sushruta Samhita, Uttara- 39/204).
• Dronapushpi- The juice of dronapushpi is efficacious in malarial fever.
• Dhanyaka- The cold infusion of dhanyaka (coriander) mixed with sugar and taken in morning alleviates even severe burning sensation immediately (Bhavaprakash, Chikitsa- 1/356).
• Nimba- Vomiting should be induced in patients having burning sensation and fever with leaf juice of nimba mixed with honey and liquid jaggery (Sushruta, Uttara- 39/282).
• Pippali- Decoction of pippali made in four times of water should be taken (Ashtangasamgraha, Chikitsa- 2.41).
• Pippali mula- One who takes pippali mula mixed with ghee and honey (non equal ratio) followed by intake of cow’s milk becomes free from heart disease, cough & malarial fever.
• Mustaka : Mustaka and Parpataka are excellent herb for fever (Ashtangahridayam, Uttara- 40/48).
• Vasa- The juice of Vasa leaves mixed with honey alleviates fever caused by pitta and kapha (Ashtanga Samgraha, Chikitsa- 1/92).
• Vidari- Milk oil, ghee, juice of Vidari and sugar cane and honey all mixed together is suggested in malarial fever.
• Haritaki- Linctus made of Haritaki, ghee and honey (unequal proportion) removes all types of fever.
• Hingu- Quartan fever is checked by snuffing hingu mixed with old ghee.
• Amalaki- The patient of fever in case of loss of sweat & asleep accompanied by excessive thirst, should take liquid ghee processes with shunti & amalaka added with sugar & fried with ghee. It alleviates fever ( C.S. Ci. 3/187).
• Amra- Hot infusion prepared of tender leaves of amra and jambu, leaf buds and hanging roots of vata (banyan tree), Ushira mixed with honey cures fever.
• Shunthi- Milk cooked with shunti, draksha and kharjura and added with ghee, honey (unequal ratio) allays thirst & fever. (Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa- 3/ 237).
• Decoction of mahabala root and shunthi checks malaria fever. (Bhavaprakasha, Chikitsa- 1/ 750).
• Shunti, jiraka and jaggery pounded together and taken with hot water, old wine or buttermilk checks fever with rigor. (Bhavaprakash, Chikitsa- 1/ 756).
• Eranda- By taking milk cooked with Eranda root recovers from constipated bowels OR tender Bilwa in diarrhoea with blood and mucus attended with thirst, pain and tenesmus.(Ashtangahridayam, Chikitsa- 1/112).
• Katphala- In fever, caused by kapha, the formulation consisting of katphala, pushkaramula, karkatashringi and Pippali mixed with honey is efficacious. It alleviates kapha and its associated symptoms like dyspnoea, cough and fever.
• Kantakari- In condition of pain in pelvic region, sides and head, liquid gruel of parched paddy processed with kantakari and gokshura should be given. (Ashtangahridayam, Chikitsa- 1/28).
• Kantaki karanja- Seed kernel of karanja, ativisha and maricha each 1 part and tulasi leaves 3 parts all pounded together and made in to pills of the size of a Bengal gram. It is useful in fever, diarrhoea and loss of digestive power.
• Karvellaka- The soups of karvellaka, karkotaka, moolak, parpatak, nimba pushpa, patola are useful in jwara (Ashtangahridayam, Vimana- 1/75).
• Kiratatikta- Infusion of kiratatikta mixed with dhanyaka leaves alleviates fever immediately.
• Kutaja- Decoction of Kutaja (Indrayava) and kutaki in rice water or that of yasti madhu alleviates fever caused by pitta.
• Kupilu- Purified kupilu with equal quantity of maricha powder is rubbed with decoction of Indrayava fruits and made into pills. It removes constipation and fever caused by Vata.
• Kumud (Utpala)- In fever with diarrhoea, Utpala, seed of pomegranate and stamens of lotus pounded together should be taken with rice water. (Bhavaprakasha, Chikitsa- 3/11).
• Kulattha- Soups of light pulses such as green gram etc as well as kulattha are whole some in fever (Ashtangahridayam, Chikitsa- 1/ 24).
• Guduchi- Decoction of triphala and juice of Guduchi is useful (Charaka, Chikitsa- 3/299).
• Guduchi- Ghrita and oil cooked with juice and paste of Guduchi, Triphala, Vasa, Draksha and Bala alleviate fever (Ashtangahridayam, Chikitsa- 2/22).
• Jeemutaka- It should be given with the juice of Jivaka, Rishabhaka and Ikshu (Sugarcane) or Shatavari in fever caused by Pitta Kapha or Vata Pitta ( Charaka, Kalpa- 2/12).
• Jeeraka- In Malaria with rigor, the patient should take Jeeraka powder with jaggery or guduchi juice with jaggery (Ashtangasamgraha, Chikitsa- 2/93).
• Krishna jeeraka- Intake of Krishna jeeraka with equal jaggery and a bit of maricha checks Chaturthaka Jwara (quotidian fever) immediately (Bhavaprakasha, Chikitsa- 1/ 755).
• Jyotishmati- In drowsiness in fever, Jyotishmati and pindaraka root used as snuff to remove drowsiness in fever.
• Tulasi- In Malaria fever, the juice of tulasi or dronapushpi mixed with maricha powder should be taken to check malaria fever.
• Triyamana- In chronic fever, intake of Trivrit or triyamana with milk is good. (Charaka, Chikitsa- 3/232).
• Triphala- In chronic fever, Triphala, guduchi and pippali each separately should be given according to the prescribed method or Bhallataka mixed with jaggery may be used (Ashtangasamgraha, Chikitsa- 2/112 and Ashtangahridayam, Chikitsa- 1/152).
• Dashamula- Pippali should be used with decoction of dashamula in case of jwara (Sushruta, Uttara- 39/ 216).
• Draksha- Juice of draksha and amalaki should be given in jwara which acts as mild purgative and detoxify the body. (Charaka, Chikitsa3/ 230 And Ashtangasamgraha, Chikitsa- 2/28).

Pharmaceutical Preparations for Fever in Ayurveda (Jwara)- 

1. Aasavarishta - Amritarista (In all stages of jwara), Kiratarishta (saviram jwara, vishama jwara), Kutajarishta (jwaratisar), Panchatiktarishta (jwarahar-raktashodhaka).
2. Kwatha- Dashamula kwatha, Panchatikta kwatha, Shadanga kwatha, Dashamulatriguna kwatha. Amruttotaram kashayam.
3. Churna - Sudarshana churna, Mahasudarshana churna.
4. Vati or Rasa - Mahasudarshan Vati, Tribhuvankirti rasa, Vettumarana Gulika, Sanjeevani vati, Bhedijwarankusha rasa, Jwaramurari rasa, Jwarankusha rasa, Kalakuta rasa, Jayamangal Rasa, Vishamjwarantaka Rasa, Sarvajwarhar Lauha, Lakhshminarayana rasa, Mrityunjaya rasa, Narayana jwarankusha rasa.