Guggulu(Commiphora mukul)
Basonym of Drug
The basonym (original scientific name) of the medicinal substance Guggulu is Commiphora mukul.
Main Sanskrit Synonyms
In the ancient texts of Ayurveda, Guggulu is known by several Sanskrit synonyms, each highlighting its unique properties and uses. Some of the main Sanskrit synonyms of Guggulu are:
Guggulu/Guggul:The term “Guggulu” itself refers to the gum resin obtained from the Commiphora mukul tree. It is widely recognized and used in Ayurvedic medicine.
Mukulaka: Mukula=Bud .The name highlights the use of Guggulu derived from the buds of the tree.
Palankasha: This term metaphorically implies that Guggulu bestows benefits and healing qualities similar to how a comfortable bed provides rest.
- Devadhupa: As it is used in incense sticks to worship.
- Mahishaksha: Its gum resin has black reddish colour like that of buffalo’s eye.
Regional Name (Vernacular names)
Guggulu is known by various vernacular names in different regions, reflecting its widespread use and recognition. Some of the regional names for Guggulu include:
- Hindi: Guggul, Guggulu
- English: Indian Bedellium
- Bengali: Guggulu
- Marathi: Guggal
- Tamil: Gukkulu
- Telugu: Guggilam
- Kannada: Guggulu
- Gujarati: Guggulu
- Punjabi: Guggulu
Classification of Dravya
Guggulu is classified as follows:
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Sub-Kingdom: Phanerogamia
- Division (Phylum): Angiosperms
- Class: Dicotyledons
- Order: Sapindales
- Family: Burseraceae
- Genus: Commiphora
- Species: Mukul
Classification of Dravya(Gana) as described in Charak and Sushrut
Charaka: Sanjnya-Sthapana (group of herbs,used to restore conciousness)
Sushrut and Vagbhat: Eladi Gana
External Morphology
Guggulu is a resin obtained from the Commiphora mukul tree. It appears as irregular, semi-transparent, and pale yellow to brown tears or lumps. The resin exudes from the tree’s bark and hardens upon exposure to air.
Useful Parts
The useful part of Guggulu is the resin that is harvested from the tree.
- Resin: The resin obtained from the bark of the Commiphora mukul tree is the main part used for its therapeutic properties.
Important Phytoconstituents
Guggulu contains various bioactive compounds that contribute to its medicinal properties. Some of the important phytoconstituents found in Guggulu include:
Guggulsterones: These are the primary active compounds responsible for Guggulu’s therapeutic effects, including its potential to support joint health and lipid metabolism.
Resins and Gum: Guggulu contains various resins and gums that contribute to its texture and potential health benefits.
Volatile Oils: Volatile oils present in Guggulu may contribute to its aromatic and potentially beneficial properties.
Rasa Panchaka:
Rasa (Predominant Taste): The predominant taste (Rasa) of Guggulu is “Tikta” (bitter), “Katu” (Pungent)
Guna: The qualities (Guna) of Guggulu are described as “Laghu” (light), “Sookshma” (Minute), “Snigdha” (Unctuous) and “Sara” (Mobile)
Veerya: Guggulu has “Ushna” (hot) Veerya or potency.
Vipaka: The Vipaka, or post-digestive effect, of Guggulu is “Katu” (pungent).
Prabhava: Guggulu is renowned for its special efficacy or “Prabhava” in promoting healthy joints and supporting lipid metabolism.
Action on Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala:
Dosha: Guggulu is known for balancing the “Vata” and “Kapha” doshas, and it can aggravate “Pitta” dosha in excess.
Dhatu: Guggulu predominantly acts on the “Mamsa” dhatu (muscle tissue) and “Meda” dhatu (fat tissue), contributing to its beneficial effects on joint health and lipid metabolism.
Mala: Guggulu supports the healthy elimination of waste products (mala), including aiding in the proper metabolism of fats.
Prayogarha Vyadhi (Therapeutic Indications):
Guggulu is used in Ayurvedic medicine to address a range of health conditions, including:
Joint Health: Guggulu is renowned for promoting joint comfort and overall joint health.
Lipid Metabolism: It is used to support healthy lipid metabolism and cholesterol levels.
Obesity Management: Guggulu is employed in weight management and helps maintain a healthy body weight.
Skin Health: It may be used to promote clear and healthy skin.
Respiratory Health: Guggulu is sometimes utilized to support respiratory well-being.
Amayikaprayoga and Matra (Therapeutic Administration and Dose):
Guggulu is available in various forms, including powder, tablets, and formulations. Dosages can vary based on individual needs and health conditions. Common dosages include:
Powder: 1-4 grams of Guggulu powder per day, often taken with warm water or honey.
Tablets: 250 mg – 1 gram of Guggulu tablets, usually taken once or twice daily after meals.
Vishishta Yoga (Names of Important Formulations):
Guggulu is a key ingredient in various Ayurvedic formulations. Some notable formulations containing Guggulu are:
Yogaraja Guggulu: This classical formulation is renowned for its support in joint health and comfort.
Triphala Guggulu: Combining Guggulu with Triphala, this formulation supports digestion, detoxification, and overall well-being.
- Chandraprabha Vati: It is used to treat urinary tract disorders like (UTI), any bladder-related issues.
- Arogyavardhini Vati: It enhances the digestive ability of the body.
Vishakta Lakshan (Adverse Effects):
Guggulu is generally considered safe when used within recommended dosages. However, in some cases, excessive consumption may lead to:
Gastric Discomfort: High doses may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
Increase in Pitta: Excessive intake may lead to an increase in “Pitta” dosha, causing symptoms like heartburn.
Chikitsopachara (Remedial Measures):
In case of any adverse effects, consider the following steps:
Discontinue Use: If discomfort arises, stop using Guggulu immediately.
Hydration: Increase fluid intake to manage any increase in Pitta.
Consult a Practitioner: If adverse effects persist or worsen, consult an experienced Ayurvedic practitioner or healthcare professional.
Shodhana (Purification Method):
Guggulu shodhana (purification) is done by using Gomutra or Triphala Kwath,before use.
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Note: The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be considered as a substitute for medical advice. Please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of any other medical condition.
