Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi): The Calming Medicinal Herb
Basonym of Drug: The medicinal plant known as Jatamansi is scientifically referred to as Nardostachys jatamansi.
Main Synonyms: In Ayurveda, Jatamansi is known by various synonyms, including:
- Tapasvini
- Balaka
- Jatila
- Mussa
- Naardostachys
- Jatamamsi
Regional Name: Jatamansi is also known by different names in various regional languages. Some common regional names include:
- Hindi: Jatamansi or Balchar
- Bengali: Jatamansi
- Kannada: Jatamamsi
- Malayalam: Jatamamsi or Jatamansi
- Marathi: Jatamansi
- Tamil: Jatamamsi or Jatamansi
- Telugu: Jatamamsi
Botanical Name: The botanical name of Jatamansi is Nardostachys jatamansi.
Family: Jatamansi belongs to the Valerianaceae family.
Classification of Dravya (Gana) as described in Charak and Sushrut: In the classical Ayurvedic texts of Charak and Sushrut, Jatamansi is classified as follows:
- Charak: Jatamansi is categorized under the group of “Medhya Rasayana,” meaning it supports intellect, memory, and cognitive functions.
- Sushrut: In Sushrut Samhita, Jatamansi is classified as “Tridoshaghna” (balances all three doshas – Vata, Pitta, and Kapha).
External Morphology: Jatamansi is a perennial herb with long, tuberous, aromatic roots. It has ovate or lanceolate leaves, and the flowers are pink or purple in color, forming clusters at the top of the stem.
Useful Parts: The useful part of Jatamansi is the rhizome and roots.
Important Phytoconstituents: Jatamansi contains several bioactive compounds, including valeranone, jatamansone, coumarins, sesquiterpenoids, and alkaloids, which contribute to its medicinal properties.
Rasa Panchaka: The Rasa Panchaka (five tastes) of Jatamansi is as follows:
- Rasa (Taste): Bitter (Tikta), Astringent (Kashaya)
- Guna (Quality): Light (Laghu), Unctuous (Snigdha)
- Virya (Potency): Cold (Shita)
- Vipaka (Post-digestive taste): Pungent (Katu)
Action on Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala: Jatamansi primarily pacifies the Pitta dosha and balances the Vata dosha. It acts on the Manovaha srotas (channels related to the mind) and the Rasavaha srotas (channels related to nutrient plasma).
Prayogarha Vyadhi (Therapeutic Indications): Jatamansi is utilized in Ayurvedic medicine for various therapeutic purposes, including:
- Nervous System Health: Jatamansi is considered a potent nervine tonic and is used to support the nervous system, reduce stress, and improve cognitive functions.
- Mental Health: It is used in conditions like anxiety, depression, and insomnia due to its calming and relaxing properties.
- Cardiac Health: Jatamansi is used to promote heart health and manage conditions like palpitations and high blood pressure.
- Skin Disorders: It is used externally in skincare formulations for managing conditions like inflammation and itching.
- Epilepsy: Jatamansi is also used in certain cases of epilepsy.
Amayikaprayoga and Matra (Therapeutic Administration and Dose): Jatamansi is commonly administered in various forms, including powder, decoction, and medicated oils. The dosage and administration depend on the specific condition and the individual’s constitution. Commonly used forms and doses include:
- Jatamansi Churna (Powder): 1-3 grams, once or twice a day.
- Jatamansi Kwath (Decoction): 50-100 ml, once or twice a day.
- Jatamansi Taila (Medicated Oil): Used externally for skin and scalp massage.
Vishishta Yoga (Names of Important Formulations): Jatamansi is an essential ingredient in various Ayurvedic formulations used for mental health, cardiac health, and nervous system support. Some important formulations include:
- Saraswatarishta: A potent nerve tonic containing Jatamansi, used for mental health and cognitive support.
- Sarpagandhadi Vati: Contains Jatamansi and used for managing hypertension and cardiac conditions.
Vishakta Lakshan (Adverse Effects): Jatamansi is generally safe when used in appropriate doses under the guidance of an Ayurvedic practitioner. However, excessive internal use may cause mild digestive discomfort in some individuals. Pregnant and lactating women should consult a healthcare professional before using Jatamansi.
Chikitsopachara (Remedial Measures): Jatamansi is a valuable herb when used correctly. Proper dosing and considering an individual’s specific health conditions are essential aspects of its therapeutic application.
Shodhana (If Required): Jatamansi does not typically require shodhana (purification) procedures.
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(Note: The information provided in this article is intended for educational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional before using Jatamansi or any other herbal remedy for therapeutic purposes.)
